Acta Gymnica 2019, 49(2):67-74 | DOI: 10.5507/ag.2019.001

Test-retest reliability of survey items on ownership and use of physical activity trackers

Kwok W. Ng1,2,3,4, Petr Badura5, Anna Dzielska6, Sami Kokko7, Catherine B. Woods2,3,4, Zdenek Hamrik5
1 School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
2 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
3 Centre of Physical Activity and Health Research, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
4 Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
5 Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
6 Insitute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
7 Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland

Background: Researchers are interested in using digital tools, such as physical activity trackers (PAT), to promote and measure physical activity. PAT is a fast-growing research area that measures movement therefore, reliable questions on the ownership and use of PATs among adolescent populations need to be developed.

Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct an intra-rater test-retest reliability study on PAT survey items used for surveillance purposes among young adolescents in ownership and use of smartphone applications (apps) and heart rate monitors (HRM).

Methods: Young adolescents (N = 755; 11-, 13-, and 15-year-olds) in the Olomouc region of the Czech Republic were recruited to complete the questionnaire with a three-week gap during autumn 2017. Kappa statistics were used for measuring reliability.

Results: When items were dichotomised into owners and non-owners, there was moderate agreement for boys (apps Kappa = .563, HRM Kappa = .575) and girls (apps Kappa = .447, HRM Kappa = .443).

Conclusions: Measures in ownership and use of PAT can be assumed reliable among young adolescents.

Keywords: health promotion, wearable technology, activity trackers, school-age population, survey instrument, children

Received: August 20, 2018; Accepted: April 5, 2019; Prepublished online: April 18, 2019; Published: June 30, 2019  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Ng, K.W., Badura, P., Dzielska, A., Kokko, S., Woods, C.B., & Hamrik, Z. (2019). Test-retest reliability of survey items on ownership and use of physical activity trackers. Acta Gymnica49(2), 67-74. doi: 10.5507/ag.2019.001
Download citation

References

  1. Ahmadvand, A., Gatchel, R., Brownstein, J., & Nissen, L. (2018). The biopsychosocial-digital approach to health and disease: Call for a paradigm expansion. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20, e189. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  2. Bandura, A. (2004). Health promotion by social cognitive means. Health Education & Behavior, 31, 143-164. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  3. Biddle, S. J. H., Gorely, T., Pearson, N., & Bull, F. C. (2011). An assessment of self-reported physical activity instruments in young people for population surveillance: Project ALPHA. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8, 1. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  4. Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1982). Control theory: A useful conceptual framework for personality - social, clinical, and health psychology. Psychological Bulletin, 92, 111-135. Go to original source...
  5. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
  6. Currie, C., & Alemán-Díaz, A. Y. (2015). Building knowledge on adolescent health: Reflections on the contribution of the health behaviour in school-aged children (HBSC) study. European Journal of Public Health, 25(Suppl. 2), 4-6. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  7. David, P., Kim, J., Brickman, J. S., Ran, W., & Curtis, C. M. (2015). Mobile phone distraction while studying. New Media & Society, 17, 1661-1679. Go to original source...
  8. Dos Santos, H., Bredehoft, M. D., Gonzalez, F. M., & Montgomery, S. (2016). Exercise video games and exercise self-efficacy in children. Global Pediatric Health, 3, 2333794X16644139. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  9. Fanning, J., Mullen, S. P., & McAuley, E. (2012). Increasing physical activity with mobile devices: A meta-analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 14, 61-71. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  10. Garde, A., Umedaly, A., Abulnaga, S. M., Robertson, L., Junker, A., Chanoine, J. P., … Dumont, G. A. (2015). Assessment of a mobile game ("MobileKids monster manor") to promote physical activity among children. Games for Health Journal, 4, 149-158. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  11. Goodyear, V. A., Kerner, C., & Quennerstedt, M. (2019). Young people's uses of wearable healthy lifestyle technologies; surveillance, self-surveillance and resistance. Sport, Education and Society, 24, 221-225. Go to original source...
  12. Hagger, M. S., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. D. (2014). An integrated behavior change model for physical activity. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 42, 62-69. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  13. Hardie Murphy, M., Rowe, D. A., & Woods, C. B. (2016). Sports participation in youth as a predictor of physical activity: A 5-year longitudinal study. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 13, 704-711. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  14. Hooke, M. C., Gilchrist, L., Tanner, L., Hart, N., & Withycombe, J. S. (2016). Use of a fitness tracker to promote physical activity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatric Blood & Cancer, 63, 684-689. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  15. Inchley, J., Currie, D., Young, T., Samdal, O., Torsheim, T., Augustson, L., … Barnekow, V. (Eds.) (2016). Growing up unequal: Gender and socioeconomic differences in young people's health and well-being. Health behaviour in school-aged children (HBSC) study: International report from the 2013/2014 survey (Health Policy for Children and Adolescents, No. 7). Retrieved from http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/303438/HSBC-No.7-Growing-up-unequal-Full-Report.pdf
  16. Janssen, I., & LeBlanc, A. G. (2010). Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7, 40. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  17. Johnston, W., Hoffman, S., & Thornton, L. (2014). Mobile health: A synopsis and comment on "Increasing physical activity with mobile devices: A meta-analysis". Translational Behavioral Medicine, 4, 4-6. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  18. Kalman, M., Inchley, J., Sigmundova, D., Iannotti, R. J., Tynjälä, J. A., Hamrik, Z., … Bucksch, J. (2015). Secular trends in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in 32 countries from 2002 to 2010: A cross-national perspective. European Journal of Public Health, 25(Suppl. 2), 37-40. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  19. Khakurel, J., Melkas, H., & Porras, J. (2018). Tapping into the wearable device revolution in the work environment: A systematic review. Information Technology & People, 31, 791-818. Go to original source...
  20. Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977). The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 33, 159-174. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  21. Lubans, D. R., Smith, J. J., Skinner, G., & Morgan, P. J. (2014). Development and implementation of a smartphone application to promote physical activity and reduce screen-time in adolescent boys. Frontiers in Public Health, 2, 42. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  22. Lyons, J. E., Lewis, H. Z., Mayrsohn, G. B., & Rowland, L. J. (2014). Behavior change techniques implemented in electronic lifestyle activity monitors: A systematic content analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 16, e192. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  23. McCallum, C., Rooksby, J., & Gray, M. C. (2018). Evaluating the impact of physical activity apps and wearables: Interdisciplinary review. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 6, e58. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  24. Namba, H., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamada, Y., Tokushima, S., Hatamoto, Y., Sagayama, H., … Tanaka, H. (2012). Validation of web-based physical activity measurement systems using doubly labeled water. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 14, 358-371. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  25. Ng, K. W., Tynjälä, J., & Kokko, S. (2017). Ownership and use of commercial physical activity trackers among finnish adolescents: Cross-sectional study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 5, e61. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  26. Piwek, L., Ellis, D. A., Andrews, S., & Joinson, A. (2016). The rise of consumer health wearables: Promises and barriers. PLOS Medicine, 13, e1001953. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  27. Radovic, A., McCarty, A. C., Katzman, K., & Richardson, P. L. (2018). Adolescents' perspectives on using technology for health: Qualitative study. JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting, 1, e2. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  28. Ridgers, N. D., McNarry, A. M., & Mackintosh, A. K. (2016). Feasibility and effectiveness of using wearable activity trackers in youth: A systematic review. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 4, e129. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  29. Ridgers, N. D., Timperio, A., Brown, H., Ball, K., Macfarlane, S., Lai, S. K., … Salmon, J. (2017). A cluster-randomised controlled trial to promote physical activity in adolescents: The raising awareness of physical activity (RAW-PA) study. BMC Public Health, 17, 6. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  30. Robinson, T. N., Banda, J. A., Hale, L., Lu, A. S., Fleming-Milici, F., Calvert, S. L., & Wartella, E. (2017). Screen media exposure and obesity in children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 140(Suppl. 2), S97-S101. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  31. Schoeppe, S., Alley, S., Rebar, A. L., Hayman, M., Bray, N. A., Van Lippevelde, W., … Vandelanotte, C. (2017). Apps to improve diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents: A review of quality, featuresand behaviour change techniques. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14, 83. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  32. Sigmundová, D., Sigmund, E., Bucksch, J., Baïura, P., Kalman, M., & Hamøík, Z. (2017). Trends in screen time behaviours in Czech schoolchildren between 2002 and 2014: HBSC study. Central European Journal of Public Health, 25(Suppl. 1), S15-S20. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  33. Statistics Finland. (2015). Use of information and communications technology by individuals. Retrieved from https://www.stat.fi/til/sutivi/2015/sutivi_2015_2015-11-26_tie_001_en.html
  34. Telama, R., Yang, X., Leskinen, E., Kankaanpää, A., Hirvensalo, M. H., Tammelin, T. H., … Raitakari, O. T. (2014). Tracking of physical activity from early children through youth into adulthood. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 46, 955-962. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  35. Torsheim, T., Cavallo, F., Levin, K. A., Schnohr, C., Mazur, J., Niclasen, B., & Currie, C. (2016). Psychometric validation of the revised family affluence scale: A latent variable approach. Child Indicators Research, 9, 771-784. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  36. Underwood, J. D. M., & Farrington-Flint, L. (2015). Learning and the E-generation. Chichester, United Kingdom: Wiley-Blackwell.
  37. Van Der Horst, K., Paw, M. J. C. A., Twisk, J. W. R., & Van Mechelen, W. (2007). A brief review on correlates of physical activity and sedentariness in youth. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39, 1241-1250. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  38. World Health Organization. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
  39. World Medical Association. (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA, 310, 2191-2194. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  40. Yonker, M. L., Zan, S., Scirica, V. C., Jethwani, K., & Kinane, B. T. (2015). "Friending" teens: Systematic review of social media in adolescent and young adult health care. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 17, e4. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.