Acta Gymnica 2018, 48(4):167-174 | DOI: 10.5507/ag.2018.023

Hydration status in Czech elderly adults: Gender and physical activity differences

Iva Klimešová, Julie Wittmannová, Liběna Kováčová
Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic

Background: Dehydration is the most common fluid and electrolyte problem among elderly people. The elderly leading an active lifestyle may be a risk group vulnerable to dehydration.

Objective: The goals of the study were: to assess hydration status and the fluid intake, to determine gender differences in hydration status and fluid intake, and to determine the role of physical activity on hydration status in free-living elderly people.

Methods: The research sample included 105 participants aged 67.2 ± 3.7 years (52% women) living independently in their own homes. Urine specific gravity (USG) was used to evaluate the hydration status (dehydration was defined as USG ≥ 1.020 and serious dehydration as USG > 1.030). A 4-day food record was used to monitor fluid intake, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaires - Short Form was used to assess physical activity.

Results: The prevalence of dehydration was 45.7% with a lower prevalence in women. Serious dehydration was prevalent in two participants. Average daily beverage intake was 1144.4 ± 445.2 ml. There was no gender difference in total fluid intake. However, only 27.3% of women and 4.0% of men fulfilled the recommended daily fluid intake. Participants with moderate or high levels of physical activity had a better hydration status compared to their low-physical activity peers.

Conclusions: These results indicate that almost half of elderly adults are dehydrated. The study suggests that being physically active can contribute to better fluid replenishment.

Keywords: fluid intake, ageing, dehydration, urine specific gravity, questionnaire IPAQ-SF

Received: August 27, 2018; Accepted: November 15, 2018; Prepublished online: November 22, 2018; Published: December 31, 2018  Show citation

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Klimešová, I., Wittmannová, J., & Kováčová, L. (2018). Hydration status in Czech elderly adults: Gender and physical activity differences. Acta Gymnica, 48(4), 167-174. doi: 10.5507/ag.2018.023
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