Acta Univ. Palacki. Olomuc., Gymn. 2013 43(1): 35-39 | DOI: 10.5507/ag.2013.004
Reliability of V sit-and-reach test used for flexibility self-assessment in females
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University, Olomouc
Background: The V sit-and-reach (VSR) test seems to be an appropriate instrument of self-assessment of hamstring and low-back flexibility for its ease of execution and the need for only a small amount of materials, space, and examination skill requirements. It is assumed that the specificity of self-assessment (in general) can be the cause of other sources of measurement error.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze reliability of VSR when used as an instrument of self-assessment of flexibility in adolescent females.
Methods: The sample comprised 43 students (female; age 21.2 ± 0.5 years) from Palacký University in Olomouc (Czech Republic). T-test (p < .05) and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess systematic bias and to determine intra-individual reliability of the flexibility test; the standard error of measurement (SEM) and Bland and Altman's 95% limits of agreement were used to assess absolute reliability of the flexibility test.
Results: The average intra-individual difference of 1.14 cm (increasing test performance) was found to be statistical significant (t = -5,375; df = 42). It was observed that high intra-individual reliability (r = .98); the absolute reliability (SEM) is equal to 0.139 cm.
Conclusions: This study provides evidence supporting the usage of VSR as a relevant instrument of self-assessment of hamstring and low-back flexibility in adolescent females.
Keywords: health-related fitness, measurement error, testing, university student
Prepublished online: March 31, 2013; Published: January 1, 2013 Show citation
ACS | AIP | APA | ASA | Harvard | Chicago | Chicago Notes | IEEE | ISO690 | MLA | NLM | Turabian | Vancouver |
References
- ACSM. (2000). Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (6th ed.). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
- Arazi, H., Asadi, A., & Hoseini, K. (2012). Comparison of two different warm-ups (static-stretching and massage): Effects on flexibility and explosive power. Acta Kinesiologica, 6(1), 55-59.
- Atkinson, G., & Nevill, A. M. (1998). Statistical methods for assessing measurement error (reliability) in variables relevant to sports medicine. Sports Medicine, 26(4), 217-238.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Ayala, F., Sainz de Baranda, P., de Ste Croix, M. S., & Santonja, F. (2012). Fiabilidad y validez de las pruebas sit-and-reach: Revisión sistemática [Reliability and validity of sit-and-reach tests: Systematic review]. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, 5(2), 57-66.
Go to original source...
- Baltaci, G., Un, N., Tunay, V., Besler, A., & Gerçeker, S. (2002). Comparison of three different sit and reach tests for measurement of hamstring flexibility in female university students. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 37(1), 59-61.
Go to original source...
- Baumgartner, T. A., & Jackson, A. S. (1995). Measurement for evaluation in physical education and exercise science. Dubuque, IA: Brown & Benchmark.
- Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
- Davis, D. S., Quinn, R. O., Whiteman, C. T., Williams, J. D., & Young, C. R. (2008). Concurrent validity of four clinical tests used to measure hamstring flexibility. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(2), 583-588.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Golden, G. M., Hoffman, M. A., Pavol, M. J., & Wallace, D. A. (2005). The effect of warm-up routine on sit and reach, muscle onset, and vertical jump performance. Journal of Athletic Training, 40(Suppl. 2), S93.
- Hui, S. S., & Yuen, P. Y. (2000). Validity of the modified back-saver sit-and-reach test: A comparison with other protocols. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32(9), 1655-1659.
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- López-Miñarro, P. A., de Baranda, A. P., & Rodríguez- García, P. L. (2009). A comparison of the sit-andreach test and the back-saver sit-and-reach test in university students. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 8(1), 116-122.
Go to PubMed...
- Martin, S. B., Jackson, A. W., Morrow, J. R., & Liemohn, W. P. (1998). The rationale for the sit and reach test revisited. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 2(2), 85-92.
Go to original source...
- O'Sullivan, K., Murray, E., & Sainsbury, D. (2009). The effect of warm-up, static stretching and dynamic stretching on hamstring flexibility in previously injured subjects. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 10, 37. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-10-37
Go to original source...
Go to PubMed...
- Thomas, J. R, Nelson, J. K, & Silverman, S. J. (2005). Research methods in physical activity (5th ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Wells, K. F., & Dillon, E. K. (1952). The sit and reach. A test of back and leg flexibility. Research Quarterly, 23, 115-118.
Go to original source...
- Zakaz, A., Grammatikopoulou, M. G., Zakas, N., Zahariadis, P., & Vamvakoudis, E. (2006). The effect of active warm-up and stretching on the flexibility of adolescent soccer players. Journal of Sport Medicine and Physical Fitness, 46(1), 57-61.
Go to PubMed...
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.